Parapet Wall Roofing Guide: Exterior Design Types + Construction Details

Introduction

Parapet walls are an essential architectural feature in modern and traditional buildings. Not only do they enhance the aesthetics of a structure, but they also serve important functional purposes, such as providing safety, reducing wind uplift on roofs, and assisting in proper water drainage. When considering a new roofing project or a renovation, understanding parapet wall roofing is crucial for durability, efficiency, and design appeal.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll cover everything you need to know about parapet wall roofing, including the different exterior design types, construction details, and why they are beneficial for both residential and commercial properties.

What is a Parapet Wall?

A parapet wall is a low protective barrier that extends above the roofline, balcony, or terrace of a building. Originally used for defensive purposes in medieval architecture, parapet walls are now primarily incorporated into modern buildings for safety, aesthetics, and weather protection.

Key Functions of a Parapet Wall in Roofing

1. Safety: Prevents accidental falls from roofs and balconies.
2. Wind Protection: Reduces wind uplift and enhances roof stability.
3. Water Drainage Control: Helps direct water away from the roof to prevent leaks.
4. Aesthetic Enhancement: Adds a refined architectural look to the building.
5. Fire Protection: Can act as a fire barrier in buildings with flat roofs.

Types of Parapet Walls

Parapet walls come in different styles and designs, each serving specific structural and aesthetic purposes. Below are some of the most common types:

1. Plain Parapet

A simple, flat parapet that extends upward from the roofline. It is mainly used for safety and provides minimal decoration. This type is common in commercial and industrial buildings.

2. Embattled Parapet

Inspired by medieval castle architecture, an embattled parapet features alternating high and low sections (crenellations). It is more decorative and used in historical or themed buildings.

3. Paneled Parapet

Consists of evenly spaced vertical panels along the top edge, adding visual interest while maintaining structural integrity. This type is often used in classical architecture.

4. Perforated Parapet

Includes ornamental openings or cutouts that improve aesthetics and provide ventilation. This style is often used in religious and cultural buildings.

5. Sloped Parapet

Features a gradual incline that assists in water drainage while still offering the benefits of a standard parapet wall. It is commonly used in buildings where water runoff needs to be controlled efficiently.

Parapet Wall Construction Details

Proper construction of a parapet wall is essential for ensuring durability, weather resistance, and structural stability. Below are key elements involved in parapet wall construction:

1. Materials Used in Parapet Walls

The choice of materials impacts the longevity and effectiveness of parapet walls. Common materials include:

• Brick: Durable and cost-effective, commonly used in residential and commercial buildings.
• Concrete: Strong and weather-resistant, often reinforced with steel for extra strength.
• Metal: Lightweight and ideal for modern industrial applications.
• Glass: Used for contemporary designs that require an open aesthetic.

2. Parapet Wall Waterproofing

Since parapet walls are exposed to rain and moisture, proper waterproofing is crucial. Key waterproofing methods include:

• Membrane Waterproofing: Applying bituminous or polymer-based membranes to seal the parapet surface.
• Cementitious Coating: A layer of cement-based waterproof coating to prevent water penetration.
• Flashing Installation: Metal flashing at the junction of the roof and parapet to direct water away.
• Drip Edges and Coping: Installed on top of the parapet wall to prevent water from running down the façade.

3. Parapet Coping

Coping is the protective cap or covering placed on top of a parapet wall. It helps prevent water infiltration and enhances durability. Materials for coping include:

• Metal Coping: Lightweight and corrosion-resistant, often made from aluminum or stainless steel.
• Stone Coping: Highly durable and adds a classic look to buildings.
• Concrete Coping: Common in industrial and commercial buildings.
• Precast Coping: Available in various designs and finishes for modern applications.

4. Parapet Wall Flashing

Flashing is essential for preventing water seepage where the parapet meets the roof. The most common types of flashing include:

• Base Flashing: Installed at the joint between the roof and the parapet wall.
• Cap Flashing: Covers the top edge to prevent moisture penetration.
• Counter Flashing: Protects the underlying layers from water intrusion.

Roofing Systems with Parapet Walls

When designing a roof with a parapet wall, it is essential to choose the right roofing system. Below are the most common roofing systems that work well with parapets:

1. Flat Roofs

Flat roofs are the most common type of roofing system that incorporates parapet walls. These roofs require efficient drainage systems, including scuppers, downspouts, and internal drains.

2. Low-Slope Roofs

Similar to flat roofs but with a slight incline to facilitate water runoff. These roofs often include parapet walls for wind resistance and aesthetic purposes.

3. Green Roofs

Green roofs incorporate vegetation and require parapet walls for edge containment. Parapets help retain soil and prevent plants from spilling over.

4. Built-Up Roofing (BUR)

A layered roofing system that includes bitumen and gravel, often used in commercial buildings with parapet walls.

5. Metal Roofing with Parapet Walls

Metal roofs can be paired with parapet walls to enhance the modern design of industrial and commercial buildings.

Advantages of Using Parapet Walls in Roofing

1. Enhanced Safety

Parapets provide a protective barrier, reducing the risk of falls and improving roof accessibility.

2. Aesthetic Appeal

Parapets add architectural elegance and help hide rooftop HVAC units and other equipment.

3. Better Wind Uplift Resistance

By acting as a windbreak, parapet walls help stabilize the roof structure, reducing the risk of damage during strong storms.

4. Water Management

Parapets with proper drainage systems prevent water from spilling over, reducing the risk of façade staining and structural deterioration.

5. Fire Protection

In certain building codes, parapet walls serve as fire barriers to prevent the spread of flames between structures.

Conclusion

Parapet walls are more than just an architectural detail; they provide safety, weather protection, and aesthetic value to any building. Whether you’re considering a parapet for a flat roof, a commercial property, or a modern home, proper design and construction are crucial for long-term performance.

At S&K Construction And Remodeling LLC, we specialize in parapet wall roofing, exterior design, and professional installation in Youngstown, Ohio, and surrounding areas. Contact us today for a consultation and let our experts enhance your building’s roofing system with high-quality parapet wall construction!